Ali Sebetci It is well known that the modern conception of science is fundamentally different from the traditional. What makes science modern, moreover, is its naturalistic methodology: “The philosophical doctrine of methodological naturalism,” writes Alvin Plantinga, “holds that, for any study to qualify as ‘scientific,’ it cannot refer to God’s creative activity or any sort of divine action.” 1 Based upon the description of Nature as the corporeal reality which presents itself to us in a spatio-temporal mode, methodological naturalism could be defined as the exclusion of all supernatural agency or causal principle from the “scientific” enterprise. As Richard Lewontin has famously put it: “We cannot allow a Divine Foot in the door.” 2 To differentiate methodological from philosophical or ontological naturalism it can be said that the former proposes to do science as if there were no reality other than the spatio-temporal, the implication being that, even if there were su...
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